^V^ Tribute to Mr 钱学森 ^V^

^V^

Know who is this old man ? read d latest time magazine , it is US biggest loss 4 letting this china man back to his motherland :-

http://news.ifeng.com/mainland/special/qianxuesen/
H.S. Tsien.[1]

During the 1940s Qian was one of the founders of Jet Propulsion Laboratory[2] at the California Institute of Technology. During the red scare of the 1950s the United States government accused Qian of having communist sympathies. Qian was wrongfully imprisoned[3] at Terminal Island[4]. Stripped of his security clearance, Qian decided to go back to China. After being under house arrest for 5 years, from 1950-55, Qian was released in exchange for the return of US pilots captured during the Korean war. Notified by U.S. authorities that he was free to go, Qian immediately arranged to go back to China in September of 1955 on American President Lines, Pres. Cleveland via Hong Kong. He returned to China and led the Chinese rocket program, and became known as the "Father of Chinese Rocketry" (or "King of Rocketry").

In 1943, Qian and two others in the Caltech rocketry group drafted the first document to use the name Jet Propulsion Laboratory; it was a proposal to the Army to develop missiles in response to Germany's V-2 rocket. This led to the Private A, which flew in 1944, and later the Corporal, the WAC Corporal, etc.

After World War II he served under von Kármán as a consultant to the United States Army Air Force, and had given a temporary rank rank of a colonel. Von Kármán and Tsien both were sent by the Army to Germany to investigate the progress of wartime aerodynamics research. Tsien investigated research facilities and interviewed German scientists such as Wernher von Braun and Rudolph Hermann.[5] Von Kármán wrote of Qian, “At the age of 36, he was an undisputed genius whose work was providing an enormous impetus to advances in high-speed aerodynamics and jet propulsion.”[2] Aviation week named Qian its Person of the Year in 2007, and commented on his interrogation of von Braun

"No one then knew that the father of the future U.S. space program was being quizzed by the father of the future Chinese space program."[6]

During this time, Colonel Qian worked on designing an intercontinental space plane Tsien Space Plane 1949. His work would inspire the X-20 Dyna-Soar which would later be the inspiration for the Space Shuttle.


Jiang Ying in 1947In 1947 Qian Xuesen married Jiang Ying (蒋英), a famed opera singer and the daughter of Jiang Baili (蒋百里) - one of Chinese nationalist leader Chiang Kai-shek's leading military strategists, and his Japanese wife.

In 1949, Qian became the first Director of the Daniel and Florence Guggenheim Jet Propulsion Center at Caltech [7].

Soon after Qian applied for U.S. citizenship in 1949, allegations were made that he was a communist and his security clearance was revoked. The Federal Bureau of Investigation located a 1938 US Communist Party document with his name on it. Qian found himself unable to pursue his career and within two weeks announced plans to return to China. After his announcement, the U.S. government imprisoned him on the isolated island off Long Beach. Undersecretary of the Navy Dan Kimball tried to keep Qian in the U.S., commenting: "It was the stupidest thing this country ever did. He was no more a Communist than I was, and we forced him to go."[8]

Qian became the subject of five years of secret diplomacy and negotiation between the U.S. and China. During this time he lived under virtual house arrest. Qian found himself in conflict with the U.S. Immigration and Naturalization Service, including an arrest for carrying secret documents which ultimately turned out to be simple logarithmic tables. During his incarceration Qian received support from his colleagues at Caltech including Caltech President Lee DuBridge, who flew to Washington to argue Qian's case. Caltech appointed attorney Grant Cooper to defend Qian. Later, Cooper would say, "That the government permitted this genius, this scientific genius, to be sent to Communist China to pick his brains is one of the tragedies of this century."[9]

Scientific papers
Tsien HS Two-dimensional subsonic flow of compressible fluids // Aeronaut. Sci. 1939
Von Karman T, Tsien HS. The buckling of thin cylindrical shells under axial compression. J Aeronaut Sci 1941
Tsien, HS 1943 Symmetrical Joukowsky Airfoils in shear flow. Q. Appl. Math.
Tsien, HS, "On the Design of the Contraction Cone for a Wind Tunnel," J. Aeronaut. Sci., 10, 68-70, 1943
Von Karman, T. and Tsien, HS, "Lifting- line Theory for a Wing in Nonuniform Flow," Quarterly of Applied Mathematics, Vol. 3, 1945
Tsien, HS: Similarity laws of hypersonic flows. J. Math. Phys. 25, 247-251, (1946).
Tsien, HS 1952 The transfer functions of rocket nozzles. J. Am. Rocket Soc
Tsien, HS, "Rockets and Other Thermal Jets Using Nuclear Energy", The Science and Engineering of Nuclear Power, Addison-Wesley Vol.11, 1949
Tsien, HS, “Take-Off from Satellite Orbit,” Journal of the American. Rocket Society, Vol. 23, No. 4, 1953
Tsien, HS 1956 The Poincaré-Lighthill-Kuo Method, Advances in Appl. Mech.
Tsien, HS, 1958, "The equations of gas dynamics."
Tsien, HS, "Rockets and Other Thermal Jets using Nuclear Energy", The Science and Engineering of Nuclear Power, Addison-Wesley
[edit] Monographs
Engineering Cybernetics，Tsien, H.S. McGraw Hill， 1954
Tsien, H.S. Technische Kybernetik. Übersetzt von Dr. H. Kaltenecker. Berliner Union Stuttgart 1957
Hydrodynamic manuscript facimile, Jiatong University Press, 2007 ISBN 978-7-313-04199-9



钱学森1935年赴美国留学。10年后，他成为当时一流火箭专家。由于发表了“时速为一万公里的火箭已成为可能”的惊人火箭理论而誉满全球。这位加州理工学院的教授在“二战”期间，跟其导师冯·卡门参与了当时美国绝密的“曼哈顿工程”—————导弹核武器的研制开发工作，在美国是一个屈指可数的稀世之才。

当中华人民共和国宣告诞生的消息传到美国后，钱学森和夫人蒋英按捺不住内心的喜悦，商量着早日赶回祖国，为自己的国家效力。此时的美国，以麦卡锡为首对共产党人实行全面追查，并在全美国掀起了一股驱使雇员效忠美国政府的歇斯底里狂热。钱学森因被怀疑为共产党人和拒绝揭发朋友，被美国军事部门突然吊销了参加机密研究的证书。这使他非常气愤。钱学森以此作为要求回国的理由。然而，钱学森万万没想到，他的回国夙愿竟酿成了一场劫难

美国海军部次长金贝尔说：“他知道所有美国导弹工程的核心机密，一个钱学森抵得上5个海军陆战师，我宁可把这个家伙枪毙了，也不能放他回红色中国去。” [详细]


他的成就属于世界，然而他的生命却注定和中华民族的命运息息相关，中国是他希望学以至用，实现炎黄子孙强国梦的地方。然而在二十世纪初叶，这个梦想显然太遥远，虽然他看不惯某些人对中国的歧视，却无法反驳中国贫困的事实。1949年新中国成立以后，钱学森决定回国，虽然当时的他已经拥有了最好的研究条件，享受最优厚的待遇，他还是想回国，这个决定让他遭遇了冷战的政治屏障，失去了很多的机会，最后在1955年，在中国政府的努力下，钱学森终于平安归国了，从此他全情投入，希望把所有的智慧都献给祖国.

名利
“我姓钱，但我不爱钱。”

“我个人仅仅是沧海一粟，真正伟大的是党、人民和我们的国家。”



国家
“我的事业在中国，我的成就在中国，我的归宿在中国。”

“在美国期间，有人好几次问我存了保险金没有，我说一块美元也不存。因为我是中国人，根本不打算在美国住一辈子。”



治学
“难道搞科学的人只需要数据和公式吗？搞科学的人同样需要有灵感，而我的灵感，许多就是从艺术中悟出来的。”

“我认为今天科学技术不仅仅是自然科学与工程技术，而是人认识客观世界、改造客观世界的整个的知识体系.

“我们不能人云亦云，这不是科学精神，科学精神最重要的就是创新。”